Consists of:
- advice regarding personal hygiene
- avoidance of synthetic undergarments
- finger nails should be clipped short
- Nystatin [mycostatin] 1-2 vaginal pessaries containing 100,000 units should be placed deep in the vagina at bedtime for 10-14days. In selected cases, oral nystatin 500,000 units maybe given concomitantly.
- Imidazole derivatives like miconazole, 100 mg of clotrimazole vaginal pessaries or 1% vaginal creams for 7 days are effective in 85% cases. Terconazole vaginal cream or pessary is highly effective, even on repeated use.
- Ketoconazole, a more recent derivative is very effective. It is available as a vaginal pessary, ointment for external use and oral pill. It can be given to both partners. It is particularly useful in recurrent infections. The drug is known to be hepatotoxic; hence adequate care should be exercised prior to prescribing the drug, particularly for long-term use. Oral fluconazole as 150mg tablet in a single dose given simultaneously to both partners is highly effective in preventing recurrences
- The cause of monilial vaginitis should be sought and treated. For example, if the infection is secondary to diabetes, the later requires treatment. If due to oral hormonal contraceptives, it should be replaced by some other method of family planning.
- If a diabetic pregnant woman suffers monilial vaginitis at term, elective caesarean section safeguards against neonatal thrush infection.
- Recurrent infection requires prolonged therapy.

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